Saudi Camel Terminology Reflects Detailed Classification System Across Age, Gender, Breed and Function

SPA

Riyadh, December 11, 2025 (Saudi Arabia Breaking News) – Saudi Arabia’s camel lexicon includes a wide range of terms used to classify camels according to age, gender, breed, color, number, purpose and health condition, reflecting the depth of the Kingdom’s camel heritage.

Age-based terminology includes “Hiwar” for young camels up to six months old, with additional designations applied as camels reach later development stages between six and eight years. Gender-specific terms also differ: adult males are referred to as “Jaml” or “Ba’ir,” while young males are known as “Qu’ūd.” Adult females are called “Nāqah,” and younger females are classified as “Bikrah.”

Group names indicate the size of a camel herd, while separate terms describe pregnant females and mothers with offspring under six months. Additional terminology is used for she-camels that have lost their young or are milked manually without their offspring present.

Breeds within the Kingdom are categorized based on traits such as height, physical characteristics and milk production. Camel colors range from bright white to deep black, with numerous intermediate shades identified by specific terms.

Function-based classifications are also part of the lexicon, with dedicated names distinguishing camels used for transportation, riding and other purposes.